Posted: Jun 13, 2023

ARCHIVED - NIAA BOYS & GIRLS TENNIS RESULTS

2022 

 

2022 NIAA REGION TEAM TENNIS CHAMPIONSHIPS -- Tournament Brackets (4A brackets are listed in state group)

Class 5A Northern Boys Team  ...  Class 5A Northern Girls Team

Class 5A Southern Boys Team ...  Class 5A Southern Girls Team

Class 3A Northern Boys Team  ...  Class 3A Northern Girls Team

Class 3A Southern Boys Team  ...  Class 3A Southern Girls Team

 

2022 NIAA REGION INDIVIDUAL TENNIS CHAMPIONSHIPS -- Tournament Brackets (4A brackets are listed in state group)

Class 5A Northern Boys Singles  ...  Class 5A Northern Girls Singles

Class 5A Northern Boys Doubles  ...  Class 5A Northern Girls Doubles

Class 5A Southern Boys Singles  ...  Class 5A Southern Girls Singles

Class 5A Southern Boys Doubles  ...  Class 5A Southern Girls Doubles

Class 3A Northern Boys Singles  ...  Class 3A Northern Girls Singles

Class 3A Northern Boys Doubles  ...  Class 3A Northern Girls Doubles

Class 3A Southern Boys Singles  ...  Class 3A Southern Girls Singles

Class 3A Southern Boys Doubles  ...  Class 3A Southern Girls Doubles

 

2022 NIAA STATE CHAMPIONSHIPS -- Tournament Information Packets

Class 5A State (boys and girls) Tournament Information Packet

Class 4A State (boys and girls) Tournament Information Packet (same packet as above in regional section)

Class 3A State (boys and girls) Tournament Information Packet

 

2022 NIAA STATE CHAMPIONSHIPS -- TEAM Tournament Brackets

Class 5A State Boys Team  ...  Class 5A State Girls Team

Class 4A State Boys Team  ...  Class 4A State Girls Team

Class 3A State Boys Team  ...  Class 3A State Girls Team

 

2022 NIAA STATE CHAMPIONSHIPS -- INDIVIDUAL Tournament Brackets

Class 5A State Boys Singles  ...  Class 5A State Girls Singles

Class 5A State Boys Doubles  ...  Class 5A State Girls Doubles

Class 4A State Boys Singles  ...  Class 4A State Girls Singles

Class 4A State Boys Doubles  ...  Class 4A State Girls Doubles

Class 3A State Boys Singles  ...  Class 3A State Girls Singles

Class 3A State Boys Doubles  ...  Class 3A State Girls Doubles

 

 

2021

 

2021 NIAA REGION TEAM TENNIS CHAMPIONSHIPS -- Tournament Brackets (4A brackets are listed in state group)

Class 5A Northern Boys Team  ...  Class 5A Northern Girls Team

Class 5A Southern Boys Team ...  Class 5A Southern Girls Team

Class 3A Northern Boys Team  ...  Class 3A Northern Girls Team

Class 3A Southern Boys Team  ...  Class 3A Southern Girls Team

 

2021 NIAA REGION INDIVIDUAL TENNIS CHAMPIONSHIPS -- Tournament Brackets (4A brackets are listed in state group)

Class 5A Northern Boys Singles  ...  Class 5A Northern Girls Singles

Class 5A Northern Boys Doubles  ...  Class 5A Northern Girls Doubles

Class 5A Southern Boys Singles  ...  Class 5A Southern Girls Singles

Class 5A Southern Boys Doubles  ...  Class 5A Southern Girls Doubles

Class 3A Northern Boys Singles  ...  Class 3A Northern Girls Singles

Class 3A Northern Boys Doubles  ...  Class 3A Northern Girls Doubles

Class 3A Southern Boys Singles  ...  Class 3A Southern Girls Singles

Class 3A Southern Boys Doubles  ...  Class 3A Southern Girls Doubles

 

2021 NIAA STATE CHAMPIONSHIPS -- Tournament Information Packets

Class 5A State (boys and girls) Tournament Information Packet

Class 4A State (boys and girls) Tournament Information Packet (same packet as above in regional section)

Class 3A State (boys and girls) Tournament Information Packet

 

2021 NIAA STATE CHAMPIONSHIPS -- TEAM Tournament Brackets

Class 5A State Boys Team  ...  Class 5A State Girls Team

Class 4A State Boys Team  ...  Class 4A State Girls Team

Class 3A State Boys Team  ...  Class 3A State Girls Team

 

2021 NIAA STATE CHAMPIONSHIPS -- INDIVIDUAL Tournament Brackets

Class 5A State Boys Singles  ...  Class 5A State Girls Singles

Class 5A State Boys Doubles  ...  Class 5A State Girls Doubles

Class 4A State Boys Singles  ...  Class 4A State Girls Singles

Class 4A State Boys Doubles  ...  Class 4A State Girls Doubles

Class 3A State Boys Singles  ...  Class 3A State Girls Singles

Class 3A State Boys Doubles  ...  Class 3A State Girls Doubles

 

2019

2019 NIAA (Southern & Northern, 4A and 3A) Boys Tennis Playoff Scenarios

2019 NIAA (Southern & Northern, 4A and 3A) Girls Tennis Playoff Scenarios

 

2019 NIAA REGION TENNIS CHAMPIONSHIPS -- Tournament Brackets

Class 4A Northern Boys Team .... Class 4A Desert Boys Team .... Class 4A Mountain Boys Team

Class 4A Northern Girls Team .... Class 4A Desert Girls Team .... Class 4A Mountain Girls Team

Class 3A Northern Boys Team .... Class 3A Southern Boys Team 

Class 3A Northern Girls Team .... Class 3A Southern Girls Team

Class 4A Northern boys singles .... Class 4A Desert boys singles .... Class 4A Mountain boys singles

Class 4A Northern boys doubles .... Class 4A Desert boys doubles .... Class 4A Mountain boys doubles

Class 4A Northern girls singles .... Class 4A Desert girls singles .... Class 4A Mountain girls singles

Class 4A Northern girls doubles .... Class 4A Desert girls doubles .... Class 4A Mountain girls doubles

Class 3A Northern boys singles  .... Class 3A Southern boys singles

Class 3A Northern boys doubles  .... Class 3A Southern boys doubles

Class 3A Northern girls singles .... Class 3A Southern girls singles

Class 3A Northern girls doubles .... Class 3A Southern girls doubles

 

2019 NIAA STATE CHAMPIONSHIPS -- Tournament Brackets

Class 4A Boys Team .... Class 4A Girls Team .... Class 3A Boys Team .... Class 3A Girls Team

Class 4A Boys Singles .... Class 4A Boys Doubles .... Class 4A Girls Singles .... Class 4A Girls Doubles  

Class 3A Boys Singles .... Class 3A Boys Doubles .... Class 3A Girls Singles .... Class 3A Girls Doubles

 

 

2018

2018 NIAA REGION TENNIS CHAMPIONSHIPS -- Tournament Brackets 

Class 4A Northern Boys Team .... Class 4A Desert Boys Team .... Class 4A Mountain Boys Team

Class 4A Northern Girls Team .... Class 4A Desert Girls Team .... Class 4A Mountain Girls Team

Class 3A Northern Boys Team .... Class 3A Southern Boys Team 

Class 3A Northern Girls Team .... Class 3A Southern Girls Team

Class 4A Northern boys singles .... Class 4A Desert boys singles .... Class 4A Mountain boys singles

Class 4A Northern boys doubles .... Class 4A Desert boys doubles .... Class 4A Mountain boys doubles

Class 4A Northern girls singles .... Class 4A Desert girls singles .... Class 4A Mountain girls singles

Class 4A Northern girls doubles .... Class 4A Desert girls doubles .... Class 4A Mountain girls doubles

Class 3A Northern boys singles .... Class 3A Southern boys singles

Class 3A Northern boys doubles .... Class 3A Southern boys doubles

Class 3A Northern girls singles .... Class 3A Southern girls singles

Class 3A Northern girls doubles .... Class 3A Southern girls doubles

 

2018 NIAA STATE CHAMPIONSHIPS -- Tournament Information Packets

2018 NIAA STATE CHAMPIONSHIPS -- Tournament Brackets  (October 18-20 @ Site(s) to be announced in Northern Nevada)

Class 4A Boys Team .... Class 4A Girls Team .... Class 3A Boys Team .... Class 3A Girls Team

Class 4A Boys Singles .... Class 4A Boys Doubles .... Class 4A Girls Singles .... Class 4A Girls Doubles 

Class 3A Boys Singles .... Class 3A Boys Doubles .... Class 3A Girls Singles .... Class 3A Girls Doubles

 

 

 

2017

2017 NIAA STATE CHAMPIONSHIPS -- Tournament Information Packets

2017 NIAA STATE CHAMPIONSHIPS -- Tournament Brackets  (October 20-22 @ Darling Tennis Center, Las Vegas)

Class 4A Boys Team .... Class 4A Girls Team .... Class 3A Boys Team .... Class 3A Girls Team

Class 4A Boys Singles .... Class 4A Boys Doubles .... Class 4A Girls Singles .... Class 4A Girls Doubles 

Class 3A Boys Singles .... Class 3A Boys Doubles .... Class 3A Girls Singles .... Class 3A Girls Doubles

 

2017 NIAA REGION TENNIS CHAMPIONSHIPS -- Tournament Information Packets

2017 NIAA REGION TENNIS CHAMPIONSHIPS -- Tournament Brackets 

Class 4A Northern Boys Team .... Class 4A Sunrise Boys Team .... Class 4A Sunset Boys Team

Class 4A Northern Girls Team .... Class 4A Sunrise Girls Team .... Class 4A Sunset Girls Team

Class 3A Northern Boys Team .... Class 3A Southern Boys Team 

Class 3A Northern Girls Team .... Class 3A Southern Girls Team

Class 4A Northern boys singles .... Class 4A Sunrise boys singles .... Class 4A Sunset boys singles

Class 4A Northern boys doubles .... Class 4A Sunrise boys doubles .... Class 4A Sunset boys doubles

Class 4A Northern girls singles .... Class 4A Sunrise girls singles .... Class 4A Sunset girls singles

Class 4A Northern girls doubles .... Class 4A Sunrise girls doubles .... Class 4A Sunset girls doubles

Class 3A Northern boys singles .... Class 3A Southern boys singles

Class 3A Northern boys doubles .... Class 3A Southern boys doubles

Class 3A Northern girls singles .... Class 3A Southern girls singles

Class 3A Northern girls doubles .... Class 3A Southern girls doubles

 

 

2016

2016 NIAA STATE CHAMPIONSHIPS -- Tournament Brackets

Class 4A Boys Team .... Class 4A Girls Team .... Class 3A Boys Team .... Class 3A Girls Team

Class 4A Boys Singles .... Class 4A Boys Doubles .... Class 4A Girls Singles .... Class 4A Girls Doubles 

Class 3A Boys Singles .... Class 3A Boys Doubles .... Class 3A Girls Singles .... Class 3A Girls Doubles

2016 NIAA REGION TENNIS CHAMPIONSHIPS -- Tournament Brackets 

Class 4A Northern Boys Team .... Class 4A Sunrise Boys Team .... Class 4A Sunset Boys Team

Class 4A Northern Girls Team .... Class 4A Sunrise Girls Team .... Class 4A Sunset Girls Team

Class 3A Northern Boys Team .... Class 3A Northern Girls Team .... Class 3A Southern Boys Team .... Class 3A Southern Girls Team

Class 4A Northern boys singles .... Class 4A Sunrise boys singles .... Class 4A Sunset boys singles

Class 4A Northern boys doubles .... Class 4A Sunrise boys doubles .... Class 4A Sunset boys doubles

Class 4A Northern girls singles .... Class 4A Sunrise girls singles .... Class 4A Sunset girls singles

Class 4A Northern girls doubles .... Class 4A Sunrise girls doubles .... Class 4A Sunset girls doubles

Class 3A Northern boys singles .... Class 3A Southern boys singles .... Class 3A Northern boys doubles .... Class 3A Southern boys doubles

Class 3A Northern girls singles .... Class 3A Southern girls singles .... Class 3A Northern girls doubles .... Class 3A Southern girls doubles

 

 

2015 NIAA POST-SEASON BOYS & GIRLS TENNIS TOURNAMENT BRACKETS

2015 NIAA Region Tennis Brackets (TEAM was Oct. 5-9, INDIVIDUAL was Oct. 13-19)

Division I Northern Boys Team .... Division I Sunrise Boys Team .... Division I Sunset Boys Team

Division I Northern Girls Team .... Division I Sunrise Girls Team .... Division I Sunset Girls Team

Division I-A Northern Boys Team .... Division I-A Northern Girls Team .... Division I-A Southern Boys Team .... Division I-A Southern Girls Team

Division I Northern boys singles .... Division I Sunrise boys singles .... Division I Sunset boys singles

Division I Northern boys doubles .... Division I Sunrise boys doubles .... Division I Sunset boys doubles

Division I Northern girls singles .... Division I Sunrise girls singles .... Division I Sunset girls singles

Division I Northern girls doubles .... Division I Sunrise girls doubles .... Division I Sunset girls doubles

Division I-A Northern boys singles .... Division I-A Southern boys singles .... Division I-A Northern boys doubles .... Division I-A Southern boys doubles

Division I-A Northern girls singles .... Division I-A Southern girls singles .... Division I-A Northern girls doubles .... Division I-A Southern girls doubles

 

 

2014 NIAA POST-SEASON BOYS & GIRLS TENNIS TOURNAMENT INFORMATION PACKETS

2014 NIAA Region Tennis Brackets (preliminary... TEAM is Oct. 7-10, INDIVIDUAL is Oct. 13-18 TBA)

Division I Northern Boys Team .... Division I Sunrise Boys Team .... Division I Sunset Boys Team

Division I Northern Girls Team .... Division I Sunrise Girls Team .... Division I Sunset Girls Team

Division I-A Northern Boys Team .... Division I-A Northern Girls Team .... Division I-A Southern Boys Team .... Division I-A Southern Girls Team

Division I Northern boys singles .... Division I Sunrise boys singles .... Division I Sunset boys singles

Division I Northern boys doubles .... Division I Sunrise boys doubles .... Division I Sunset boys doubles

Division I Northern girls singles .... Division I Sunrise girls singles .... Division I Sunset girls singles

Division I Northern girls doubles .... Division I Sunrise girls doubles .... Division I Sunset girls doubles

Division I-A Northern boys singles .... Division I-A Southern boys singles .... Division I-A Northern boys doubles .... Division I-A Southern boys doubles

Division I-A Northern girls singles .... Division I-A Southern girls singles .... Division I-A Northern girls doubles .... Division I-A Southern girls doubles

 

 

2013 NIAA POST-SEASON BOYS & GIRLS TENNIS TOURNAMENT INFORMATION PACKETS

 

2013 NIAA State Tennis Brackets (FINAL on Saturday, October 26th)

Division I Boys Team .... Division I Girls Team .... Division I-A Boys Team .... Division I-A Girls Team

Division I Boys Singles .... Division I Boys Doubles .... Division I Girls Singles .... Division I Girls Doubles 

Divsion I-A Boys Singles .... Division I-A Boys Doubles .... Division I-A Girls Singles .... Division I-A Girls Doubles

Division I State MASTER SET (six total brackets) .... Division I-A State MASTER SET (six total brackets)

 

2013 NIAA Region Tennis Brackets

Division I Northern Boys Team .... Division I Sunrise Boys Team .... Division I Sunset Boys Team

Division I Northern Girls Team .... Division I Sunrise Girls Team .... Division I Sunset Girls Team

Division I-A Northern Boys Team .... Division I-A Northern Girls Team .... Division I-A Southern Boys Team .... Division I-A Southern Girls Team

Division I Northern boys singles .... Division I Sunrise boys singles .... Division I Sunset boys singles

Division I Northern boys doubles .... Division I Sunrise boys doubles .... Division I Sunset boys doubles

Division I Northern girls singles .... Division I Sunrise girls singles .... Division I Sunset girls singles

Division I Northern girls doubles .... Division I Sunrise girls doubles .... Division I Sunset girls doubles

Division I-A Northern boys singles .... Division I-A Southern boys singles .... Division I-A Northern boys doubles .... Division I-A Southern boys doubles

Division I-A Northern girls singles .... Division I-A Southern girls singles .... Division I-A Northern girls doubles .... Division I-A Southern girls doubles

 

 

2012 STATE TENNIS BRACKETS

NIAA Division I (boys & girls, team and singles & doubles) ALL STATE TENNIS BRACKETS (FINAL on Saturday, October 20th)

Division I BOYS (all) team match box scores .... Division I GIRLS (all) team match box scores (FINAL on Friday, October 19th)

NIAA Division I-A (boys & girls, team and singles & doubles) ALL STATE TENNIS BRACKETS (FINAL on Saturday, October 20th)

Division I-A BOYS (all) team match box scores .... Division I-A GIRLS (all) team match box scores (FINAL on Friday, October 19th)

You can follow all the action (match-by-match results) from the 2012 Nevada Interscholastic Activities Association's Division I and Division I-A Nevada State High School boys & girls Tennis Championship tournaments, presented by the Farmers Insurance Group, by clicking on this link to the NevadaPreps.com web site:  http://www.nevadapreps.com/boys/tennis/stories/State-Tennis-Tournament-Schedules-and-Results-174493101.html. NevadaPreps.com is the official high school sports website of the Las Vegas Review-Journal and the NIAA's auxilary web site for post-season competition.

 

2012 REGION TEAM TENNIS BRACKETS (all final)

Division I and Division I-A BOYS TEAM TENNIS BRACKETS (master set) ...

Division I Northern ... Division I Sunrise ... Division I Sunset ... Division I-A Northern ... Division I-A Southern

Division I and Division I-A GIRLS TEAM TENNIS BRACKETS (master set) ...

Division I Northern ... Division I Sunrise ... Division I Sunset ... Division I-A Northern ... Division I-A Southern

 

2012 REGION BOYS & GIRLS INDIVIDUAL TENNIS BRACKETS (all final)

Division I (boys & girls) NORTHERN REGION INDIVIDUAL TENNIS BRACKETS...

Division I Northern BOYS Individual (singles & doubles) Brackets ... Division I Northern GIRLS Individual (singles & doubles) Brackets. ... FINAL ON SATURDAY, OCTOBER 13th.

Division I (boys & girls) SUNRISE REGION INDIVIDUAL TENNIS BRACKETS...

Division I Sunrise BOYS Individual (singles & doubles) Brackets ... Division I Sunrise GIRLS Individual (singles & doubles) Brackets. ... Please visit NevadaPreps to view results:  http://www.nevadapreps.com/boys/tennis/stories/Region-Tennis-Individual-Singles-and-Doubles-Draws-173002471.html

Division I (boys & girls) SUNSET REGION INDIVIDUAL TENNIS BRACKETS...

Division I Sunset BOYS Individual (singles & doubles) Brackets ... Division I Sunset GIRLS Individual (singles & doubles) Brackets. ... Please visit NevadaPreps to view results:  http://www.nevadapreps.com/boys/tennis/stories/Region-Tennis-Individual-Singles-and-Doubles-Draws-173002471.html

Division I-A (boys & girls) NORTHERN REGION INDIVIDUAL TENNIS BRACKETS...

Division I-A Northern BOYS Individual (singles & doubles) Brackets ... Division I-A Northern GIRLS Individual (singles & doubles) Brackets. ... FINAL ON SATURDAY, OCTOBER 13th.

Division I-A (boys & girls) SOUTHERN REGION INDIVIDUAL TENNIS BRACKETS...

Division I-A Southern BOYS Individual (singles & doubles) Brackets ... Division I-A Southern GIRLS Individual (singles & doubles) Brackets. ... Please visit NevadaPreps to view results:  http://www.nevadapreps.com/boys/tennis/stories/Region-Tennis-Individual-Singles-and-Doubles-Draws-173002471.html

 ==> SOUTHERN (Division I Sunrise & Sunset regions, and Division I-A Southern Region) TENNIS INDIVIDUAL BRACKET UPDATES, COURTESY OF NEVADAPREPS.COM:  http://www.nevadapreps.com/boys/tennis/stories/Region-Tennis-Individual-Singles-and-Doubles-Draws-173002471.html

 

GREAT site hosted by the NFHS (please view & learn):  http://www.nfhs.org/CoachingToday/

 

2011 STATE TEAM TENNIS BRACKETS (all final)

Class 4A STATE => BOYS TEAM -- GIRLS TEAM (FINAL)

2011 STATE INDIVIDUAL TENNIS BRACKETS (all final)

STATE boys => BOYS SINGLES -- BOYS DOUBLES   (FINAL)

STATE girls => GIRLS SINGLES -- GIRLS DOUBLES   (FINAL)

 

2011 REGION TEAM TENNIS BRACKETS (all final)

4A Northern Region => BOYS TEAM -- GIRLS TEAM (FINAL)

4A Sunrise Region => BOYS TEAM -- GIRLS TEAM  (FINAL)

4A Sunset Region => BOYS TEAM -- GIRLS TEAM  (FINAL)

2011 REGION INDIVIDUAL BOYS TENNIS BRACKETS (all final)

4A Northern Region => BOYS SINGLES -- BOYS DOUBLES (FINAL)

4A Sunrise Region => BOYS SINGLES -- BOYS DOUBLES   (FINAL)

4A Sunset Region => BOYS SINGLES -- BOYS DOUBLES   (FINAL)

2011 REGION INDIVIDUAL GIRLS TENNIS BRACKETS (all final)

4A Northern Region => GIRLS SINGLES -- GIRLS DOUBLES (FINAL)

4A Sunrise Region => GIRLS SINGLES -- GIRLS DOUBLES   (FINAL)

4A Sunset Region => GIRLS SINGLES -- GIRLS DOUBLES   (FINAL)

The Nevada System of Higher Education is spearheading a GoToCollegeNevada initiative. www.GoToCollegeNevada.org is a website for students, parents, and educators.  The website provides resources and information for student success and to prepare for college.  The goal of GoToCollegeNevada.org is to encourage more students to attend college.  The GoToCollegeNevada.org is funded through a College Access Challenge Grant from the US Department of Education and brought to you by the Nevada System of Higher Education.

 

NIAA - Wilson Tennis Ball Adoption Program

NIAA-member schools / tennis coaches interested in ordering the Wilson T-1001 Championship match ball, the official ball for post-season tournaments, should contact:

In Northern Nevada = Christy Funk at the Caughlin Club, Reno, phone 827-9078 (also carries the U.S. Open Heavy Duty ball);

In Southern Nevada = Lauren Colalillo, Wilson Southern Nevada Territory Manager, at lauren.colalillo@wilson.com OR visit Las Vegas Golf & Tennis at 140 South Green Valley Parkway in Henderson, phone 878-4653.

ARCHIVED RESULTS from 2010 BELOW

2010 REGION TEAM TENNIS BRACKETS (all final)

4A Northern Region => BOYS TEAM -- GIRLS TEAM (FINAL on Monday, October 11th)

4A Sunrise Region => BOYS TEAM -- GIRLS TEAM (FINAL on Friday, October 8th)

4A Sunset Region => BOYS TEAM -- GIRLS TEAM (FINAL on Friday, October 8th)

2010 REGION INDIVIDUAL BOYS TENNIS BRACKETS (all final)

4A Northern Region => BOYS SINGLES -- BOYS DOUBLES (@ Centennial Park, Carson City, and Caughlin Club, Reno; FINAL on Saturday, October 16)

4A Sunrise Region => BOYS SINGLES -- BOYS DOUBLES (@ Darling Center, Las Vegas; FINAL on Friday, October 15)

4A Sunset Region => BOYS SINGLES -- BOYS DOUBLES (@ Darling Center, Las Vegas; FINAL on Friday, October 15)

2010 REGION INDIVIDUAL GIRLS TENNIS BRACKETS (all final)

4A Northern Region => GIRLS SINGLES -- GIRLS DOUBLES (@ Carson H.S., Carson City, and Caughlin Club, Reno; FINAL on Saturday, October 16)

4A Sunrise Region => GIRLS SINGLES -- GIRLS DOUBLES (@ Darling Center, Las Vegas; FINAL on Friday, October 15)

4A Sunset Region => GIRLS SINGLES -- GIRLS DOUBLES (@ Darling Center, Las Vegas; FINAL on Friday, October 15)

 

2010 NIAA Nevada State High School (boys & girls, team & individual) Tennis Championships - TOURNAMENT INFORMATION PACKET (updated Friday, October 22nd)

2010 STATE TEAM TENNIS BRACKETS (all final)

Class 4A STATE => BOYS TEAM -- GIRLS TEAM (FINAL on Friday, October 22)

2010 STATE INDIVIDUAL TENNIS BRACKETS (all final)

STATE boys => BOYS SINGLES -- BOYS DOUBLES (FINAL on Saturday, October 23)

STATE girls => GIRLS SINGLES -- GIRLS DOUBLES (FINAL on Saturday, October 23)